s identity while being funded by a brand. ORL found that partnership ads accounted for 65. 8% of Temu s recommender systems and product-promotion programmes involving affiliated influencers. The Commission The Czech non-profit analysed Meta's public advertising data covering Temu campaigns in the UK and 27 EU countries from January 2025 to April 2026. Its spending estimate was calculated from advertising reach and average costs for reaching users. It listed 28 as based in Russia and 19 in China, despite the campaigns being aimed at European audiences.